Aviation Training Experts

Aviation Training Experts™

Load Factor Calculator

Calculate load factor in Gs from bank angle and see how maneuvering flight can affect stall speed. This free aviation calculator helps pilots better understand turns, G loading, and training concepts.

Calculate Load Factor

Enter bank angle to estimate load factor in a level coordinated turn. The calculator also shows the related stall speed multiplier.

Load Factor Calculator

How It Works

Load Factor:
Load Factor = 1 ÷ cos(bank angle)
Stall Speed Multiplier:
Stall Speed Multiplier = √(Load Factor)
Example:
At 60° of bank, load factor is about 2.00 G, and stall speed rises by about 1.41×

This calculator assumes a level coordinated turn. It is intended as a training and planning aid.

What Is Load Factor?

Load factor is the ratio of total aerodynamic load supported by the wings to the aircraft’s actual weight. In straight and level unaccelerated flight, load factor is 1 G. In a level banked turn, load factor increases because the wings must produce more lift to keep the aircraft from descending.

As bank angle increases, load factor rises rapidly. That is why steep turns require more lift and why stall speed increases during maneuvering flight.

Why Pilots Use a Load Factor Calculator

Common Load Factors by Bank Angle

Bank Angle Approx. Load Factor Stall Speed Multiplier
15°1.04 G1.02×
30°1.15 G1.07×
45°1.41 G1.19×
60°2.00 G1.41×
75°3.86 G1.97×

Load Factor FAQ

Does stall speed increase with load factor?

Yes. Stall speed increases with the square root of the load factor. Higher G loading means the wing must generate more lift, which raises the speed at which it stalls.

Is load factor only caused by bank angle?

No. Load factor can also increase during pull-ups, turbulence, abrupt maneuvering, and other accelerated flight conditions. This calculator focuses on level coordinated turns.

What happens at 60 degrees of bank?

In a level coordinated turn at 60° of bank, load factor is about 2 G. That means the wings are supporting about twice the aircraft’s weight.

Is this calculator a substitute for aircraft limitations?

No. This calculator is a training aid. Always use approved aircraft limitations, POH or AFM data, and proper operational judgment.