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Aviation Weather Handbook

FAA-H-8083-28B Version 2026

Chapter 24

Observations

Thunderstorm coverage is coded as isolated (ISOL), few (FEW), scattered (SCT), or numerous (NMRS), followed by a description as line (LN), broken line (BKN LN), or solid line (SLD LN), when reported. This is followed with TS, the location and movement, and the type of lightning, when reported.

Example:

/RM NMRS TS S MOV E Remarks, numerous thunderstorms south moving east.

24.5.1.12.4 Lightning

Lightning frequency is coded as occasional (OCNL) or frequent (FRQ), followed by type as lightning in cloud (LTGIC), lightning cloud to cloud (LTGCC), lightning cloud to ground (LTGCG), lightning cloud to air (LTGCA), or combinations, when reported.

Example:

/RM OCNL LTGICCG Remarks, occasional lighting in cloud, cloud to ground.

24.5.1.12.5 Electrical Discharge

For an electrical discharge, DISCHARGE is coded followed by the altitude.

Example:

/RM DISCHARGE 120 Remarks, discharge, 12,000 ft MSL.

24.5.1.12.6 Clouds

Remarks are used when clouds can be seen but were not encountered and reported in the sky condition group (/SK).

Examples:

/RM CB E MOV N Remarks, cumulonimbus east moving north.

/RM OVC BLO Remarks, overcast below.

24.5.1.12.7 Other Remarks

Remarks that do not fit in other groups, like during climb (DURC), during descent (DURD), reach cruising altitude (RCA), or top of climb (TOP or TOC), may be included. If specific phraseology or contractions are not adequate, plain language is used to describe the phenomena or local geographic locations.

Example:

/RM DONNER SUMMIT PASS