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Aviation Weather Handbook

FAA-H-8083-28B Version 2026

Chapter 27

Forecasts

MKC indicates the location of the forecast. The rest of the data is the wind and temperature aloft forecast for the respective altitudes.

Table 27-1 shows data for Kansas City, MO (MKC). Table 27-2 provides the time periods for the use of FB Wind and Temperature Forecasts.

Table 27-1. Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast Decoding Examples
Table 27-1. Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast Decoding Examples
Table 27-2. Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast Periods
Table 27-2. Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast Periods

27.3 Graphical FB Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecast

Graphical depictions of FB Wind and Temperature Aloft Forecasts vary depending on the website. Details and information on these graphical depictions can usually be found on the website’s help or information page.

27.4 Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF)

A TAF is a concise statement of the expected meteorological conditions significant to aviation for a specified time period within 5 SM of the center of the airport’s runway complex (terminal). TAFs use the same weather codes found in METARs (see Section 24.3). Temperature is not included in the NWS TAF, operators may use temperature information from the LAMP/MOS product (see Section 27.16).

27.4.1 TAF Responsibility

TAFs are issued by NWS WFOs for nearly 700 U.S. airports. The majority of TAFs provide a 24-hour forecast for the airport, while TAFs for some major airports provide a 30-hour forecast.

27.4.2 Generic Format of the Forecast Text of an NWS-Prepared TAF.

See Table 27-3 for the generic format of the NWS’ TAFs.

Table 27-3. Generic Format of the National Weather Service’s TAFs
Table 27-3. Generic Format of the National Weather Service’s TAFs

27.4.2.1 Type of Report (TAF, TAF AMD, or TAF COR)

The report-type header always appears as the first element in the TAF and is produced in three forms: a routine forecast (TAF), an amended forecast (TAF AMD), or a corrected forecast (TAF COR).

TAFs are amended whenever they become, in the forecaster’s judgment, unrepresentative of existing or expected conditions, particularly regarding those elements and events significant to aircraft and airports. An amended forecast is identified by TAF AMD (in place of TAF) on the first line of the forecast text.

Select airports have amendments routinely issued. See Table 27-7.

27.4.2.2 Location Identifier (CCCC)

After the line containing either TAF, TAF AMD, or TAF COR, each TAF begins with its four-letter ICAO location identifier.

Examples: